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| ॐ नमः शास्त्रे | ஓம்ʼ நம: ஸா²ஸ்த்ரே |
अचिन्त्यो भगवान् बुद्धो नित्यकायस् तथागतः
देशेति विविधान् व्यूहान् सत्त्वानां हितकारणात्
அசிந்த்யோ ப⁴க³வாந் பு³த்³தோ⁴ நித்யகாயஸ் ததா²க³த:
தே³ஸே²தி விவிதா⁴ந் வ்யூஹாந் ஸத்த்வாநாம்ʼ ஹிதகாரணாத்
The Lord Buddha is inconceivable, the Tathagata's body is permanent
It pervades a multitude of forms, for the welfare of sentient beings
I was about to start posting basic Sanskrit in Grantha from this lesson. However by then, there were lots of enquiries about the Grantha related fonts and Softwares to me. So, I thought I'd devote an entire posting to dicuss about them. Grantha is yet to be encoded in Unicode, until then we are struck with various custom encoded Grantha fonts.
Grantha Fonts
There are around 5 Grantha fonts currently available. Out of those 3 are Truetype, 1 is Opentype, and 1 is encoded in PUA. A sample text* has been displayed for each font to show the typeface.
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| ॐ नमः श्रीघनाय | ஓம்ʼ நம: ஸ்ரீக³நாய |
न पुद्गलो न च स्कन्धा बुद्धो ज्ञानमनास्रवम्
सदाशान्तिं विभावित्वा गच्छामि शरणं ह्यहम्
ந புத்³க³லோ ந ச ஸ்கந்தா⁴ பு³த்³தோ⁴ ஜ்ஞாநமநாஸ்ரவம்
ஸதா³ஸா²ந்திம்ʼ விபா⁴வித்வா க³ச்சா²மி ஸ²ரணம்ʼ ஹ்யஹம்
Neither a person nor the aggregates, the Buddha, is knowledge free from [evil] outflows
Clearly perceiving [him] to be eternally serene, I go for refuge [in him]
It has been four lessons into Conjuncts and there is still lot more to go [Do Bear !].
We had seen conjuncts upto 3 consonants in a cluster in the last lesson. We will see some more conjunct formation rules in triple consonantal clusters, and then move on to clusters with four or even more consonants.
Combining-Stacking Conjuncts
So far, the Triple conjunts we had seen were either completely stacking  , completely combining  , or used some special signs of -r- and -y-  .
What if any of the two adjacent consonants forms a combining Conjunct, and the other has only a stacking form ? As said before in Lesson 13, always the Combining forms have more priority than the stacking form.
The Combining Consonants must be clustered first and then be stacked as required with the remaining third consonant. I know the description is very hazy, let's see two some examples.
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| ॐ नमो मुनीन्द्राय | ஓம்ʼ நமோ முநீந்த்³ராய |
राज्यभोगैश्च मे नार्थो न धान्येन धनेन वा
प्रसादो मम बुद्धेभ्यो भवेयं द्विपदोत्तमः
ராஜ்யபோ⁴கை³ஸ்²ச மே நார்தோ² ந தா⁴ந்யேந த⁴நேந வா
ப்ரஸாதோ³ மம பு³த்³தே⁴ப்⁴யோ ப⁴வேயம்ʼ த்³விபதோ³த்தம:
A king's enjoyment is of no use to me, nor have I need of grain or wealth
Since in the Buddhas I have faith, may I become a Buddha
We have been seeing only simple Samyuktashara-s with only two consonants in the cluster. As expected, Conjuncts in Sanskrit can be more complex with 3 or even more consonants in the Cluster.
We'll see how to represent such complex conjunct formation rules in Grantha script.
Nasalized Ya
In the previous lesson, I had commented, ய் ̐ய य्ँय y̐y is an exception to the usual conjunct -y- rules. Usually, yya ய்ய் य्य is represented as  . However, when Nasalized ya ய் ̐ य्ँ y̐ appears, the other /ya/ is stacked below.
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| ॐ नमो विनायकाय | ஓம்ʼ நமோ விநாயகாய |
नष्टमार्गा हि ये सत्त्वा मार्गं देशेमि उत्तमं
नयामि पारिमं तीरं तस्माद् अस्मि विनायकः
நஷ்டமார்கா³ ஹி யே ஸத்த்வா மார்க³ம்ʼ தே³ஸே²மி உத்தமம்ʼ
நயாமி பாரிமம்ʼ தீரம்ʼ தஸ்மாத்³ அஸ்மி விநாயக:
To those beings who have lost their way I point out the Path supreme
And lead them to the farther shore, therefore I am Vinayaka
We had seen in the detail the Combining & Stacking Saṃyuktākṣara-s in the last series. Now, we will seeing the Conjunct forms of -y- and -r- as they deserve separate discussion.
-r- Conjunct
Post-Consonantal Form
Unlike other Consonants, when -r- occurs as the final part of the consonantal cluster i.e in the post consonantal position, it morphs itself into a special character.
pra ப்ர प्र
gra க்³ர ग्र
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