Oriya

Oriya Page
@ Omniglot

Oriya Orthography
@ World's Wrting System

Oriya Script
@ Wikipedia

Nativization Conventions

The following Nativization conventions are automatically applied when Oriya is the Target Script.

व /va/ is replaced by /ba/. (e.g) शिव - ଶିବ
य /ya/ is converted to ଯ /YA/ & ୟ /YYA/ based on native oriya conventions (see below)

Preserve Source

The above nativization conventions are not applied, and /va/ is preserved in the Target Script using /wa/ ୱ

Features of Oriya Script

Oriya YA & YYA

Oriya has two letters to represent the sanskrit /ya/. Lets call them ଯ /YA/ & ୟ /YYA/ following the Unicode naming conventions. They sound of the original ଯ /ya/ had degraded into a /j/ sound. Therefore, Oriya developed another letter to denote the /y/ sound which is ୟ /YYA/

/YA/ & /YYA/ are used to to represent the Sanskrit /ya/ based on specific context.

The following conventions are followed in General:

When Varga letters precede /ya/ then /YYA/ is used
When /ya/ occurs in word final position , then /YYA/ is used
When /ya/ occurs in word initial position /YA/ is used
When non-Varga letters precede /ya/ then /YA/ is used
when /ya/ appears as a post-consonantal conjunct e.g hya then /YYA/ is used/

Based on the above conventions:

oriya_ya

In /yayāti/ - /ya/ which is a non-varga letter precedes /ya/ hence /YA/ is used.

In /jayanti/. - /ja/ which is a varga letter preceded /ya/ hence /YYA/ is used.

In Manuscripts only regular /YA/ is used represent /ya/ in Sanskrit Texts. YYA was restricted to native Oriya usage only.

The converter automatically uses /YA/ & /YYA/ based on context.

Oriya Wa

Characteristic of Eastern Indian Languages like Bengali, normally Oriya does not differentiate between va & ba. Words of Sanskrit Origin that contain /va/ is replaced by /ba/ in Oriya Orthography. However, Oriya Orthography has a distinct character ୱ wa to represent the /v/ or /w/ sound in loan words such as Software etc. ISCII standards specify this character as the equivalent letter to the pan-indic /va/.

Oriya Va

There is yet another letter called Oriya Letter Va ଵ in Unicode. The character also seems to have been invented to serve as an equivalent to /va/. However, the use of this character is not widely spread. ISCII standard doesn't even mentions the presence of this letter in the Oriya Orthography. It has been created by placing the Nukta inside the loop of Oriya letter ba ବ

Oriya Fonts

Windows 7 comes with complete Oriya support and an Oriya font called Kalinga. Indolipi font package contains another good Oriya font called e-Oriya OT.

Sample Sanskrit Text

अनिरोधम् अनुत्पादम् अनुच्छेदम् अशाश्वतम् ।

अनेकार्थम् अनानार्थम् अनागमम् अनिर्गमम् ॥

यः प्रतीत्यसमुत्पादं प्रपञ्चोपशमं शिवम् ।

देशयामास संबुद्धस्तं वन्दे वदतां वरम् ॥

Default Conversion

ଅନିରୋଧମ୍ ଅନୁତ୍ପାଦମ୍ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦମ୍ ଅଶାଶ୍ବତମ୍ |

ଅନେକାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାନାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାଗମମ୍ ଅନିର୍ଗମମ୍ ||

ଯଃ ପ୍ରତୀତ୍ଯସମୁତ୍ପାଦଂ ପ୍ରପଞ୍ଚୋପଶମଂ ଶିବମ୍ |

ଦେଶଯାମାସ ସଂବୁଦ୍ଧସ୍ତଂ ବନ୍ଦେ ବଦତାଂ ବରମ୍ ||

Source Preserved

ଅନିରୋଧମ୍ ଅନୁତ୍ପାଦମ୍ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦମ୍ ଅଶାଶ୍ୱତମ୍ |

ଅନେକାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାନାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାଗମମ୍ ଅନିର୍ଗମମ୍ ||

ଯଃ ପ୍ରତୀତ୍ଯସମୁତ୍ପାଦଂ ପ୍ରପଞ୍ଚୋପଶମଂ ଶିୱମ୍ |

ଦେଶଯାମାସ ସଂବୁଦ୍ଧସ୍ତଂ ୱନ୍ଦେ ୱଦତାଂ ୱରମ୍ ||

Conversion Options

Use Va

When the Preserve Source options is enabled by default ୱ /wa/ is used for /va/. This option replaces ୱ /wa/ with ଵ /va/ [when preserve source is enabled]

ଅନିରୋଧମ୍ ଅନୁତ୍ପାଦମ୍ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦମ୍ ଅଶାଶ୍ଵତମ୍ |

ଅନେକାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାନାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାଗମମ୍ ଅନିର୍ଗମମ୍ ||

ଯଃ ପ୍ରତୀତ୍ୟସମୁତ୍ପାଦଂ ପ୍ରପଞ୍ଚୋପଶମଂ ଶିଵମ୍ |

ଦେଶଯାମାସ ସଂବୁଦ୍ଧସ୍ତଂ ଵନ୍ଦେ ଵଦତାଂ ଵରମ୍ ||

Ya Phala

Conjunct-ya sound in Oriya text is represented as ya-phala. Modern Oriya seems to associate with ya-phala with YYA (Quite distinct from Bengali, where the association of ya-phala with YA is retained). Both ISCII & Unicode support this implementation of ya-phala with YYA. CDAC Oriya Fonts & e-Oriya OT render ya-phala (Post base conjunct form) for both YA & YYA. In case, if ya-phala needs to be generated using YA this option can be enabled.

ଅନିରୋଧମ୍ ଅନୁତ୍ପାଦମ୍ ଅନୁଚ୍ଛେଦମ୍ ଅଶାଶ୍ୱତମ୍ |

ଅନେକାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାନାର୍ଥମ୍ ଅନାଗମମ୍ ଅନିର୍ଗମମ୍ ||

ଯଃ ପ୍ରତୀତ୍ଯସମୁତ୍ପାଦଂ ପ୍ରପଞ୍ଚୋପଶମଂ ଶିୱମ୍ |

ଦେଶଯାମାସ ସଂବୁଦ୍ଧସ୍ତଂ ୱନ୍ଦେ ୱଦତାଂ ୱରମ୍ ||

(Kalinga may render the above with a sub-base minature YA instead of ya-phala)